8 Package Catalog Protocol
A package catalog is specified by a URL in one of three forms:
- http:// or https:// — - a remote URL 
- file:// ending with .sqlite — - a local SQLite database 
- file:// without .sqlite — - a local directory 
8.1 Remote and Directory Catalogs
In the case of a remote URL or a local directory naming a package catalog, the URL/path is extended as follows to obtain information about packages:
- pkg and ‹package› path elements, where ‹package› is a package name, plus a version=‹version› query (where ‹version› is a Racket version number) in the case of a remote URL. - This URL/path form is used to obtain information about ‹package›. An HTTP request for a remote URL should respond with a read-able hash table, as described below. A path in a local directory formed by adding "pkg" and ‹package› should refer to a file that similarly contains a read-able hash table. - The hash table should supply the following keys: - 'source (required) — - a package source string, typically a remote URL. If this source is a relative URL, then it is treated as relative to the catalog. - Changed in version 6.0.1.7: Added relative-path support to clients of a catalog server. 
- 'checksum (required) — - a string for a checksum. 
- 'name (optional) — - a string that is the same as ‹package›. 
- 'author (optional) — - a string for the author of the package, normally an e-mail address. 
- 'description (optional) — - a string describing the package. 
- 'tags (optional) — - a list of strings that describe the package’s categorization. 
- 'dependencies (optional) — - a list of dependencies for the package, in the same shape as a deps "info.rkt" field as described in Package Metadata. 
- 'modules (optional) — - a list of module paths for modules that are provided by the package; each module path should be normalized in the sense of collapse-module-path. 
- 'versions (optional) — - a hash table mapping version strings and 'default to hash tables, where each version-specific hash table provides mappings to override the ones in the main hash table, and 'default applies to any version not otherwise mapped. - Clients of a remote catalog may request information for a specific version, but they should also check for a 'versions entry in a catalog response, in case a catalog with version-specific mappings is implemented as a directory or by a file-serving HTTP server. A 'default mapping, meanwhile, allows the main hash table to provide information that is suitable for clients at version 5.3.6 and earlier (which do not check for 'versions). 
- 'ring (optional) — - either #f or a ring number. See get-pkg-ring for more information. 
 
- pkgs path element: Obtains a list of package names that are mapped by the package catalog. An HTTP request for a remote URL should respond with a read-able list of strings. A path in a local directory formed by adding "pkgs" should refer to a file that similarly contains a read-able list of strings. - This URL/path form is used by raco pkg catalog-copy and tools that allow a user to browse an catalog. - In the case of a local directory, if no "pkgs" file is available, a list is created by listing all files in the "pkg" directory. 
- pkgs-all path element: Obtains a hash table mapping package names to package details. An HTTP request for a remote URL should respond with a read-able hash table mapping strings to hash tables. A path in a local directory formed by adding "pkgs-all" should refer to a file that similarly contains a read-able hash table. - This URL/path form is a shortcut for a pkgs URL/path form combined with a pkgs/‹package› query for each package. - In the case of a local directory, if no "pkgs-all" file is available, a list is created from files in the "pkg" directory. 
Note that a local directory served as files through an HTTP server works as a remote URL, as long as the "pkgs" and "pkgs-all" files are present (since those are optional for local but required for HTTP).
The source for the PLT-hosted package catalog is in the pkg-index package.
8.2 SQLite Catalogs
A SQLite database package catalog is meant to be constructed and queries using the pkg/db library, but the database can be constructed in any way as long as it contains the following tables:
- A catalog table with the format - (id SMALLINT, - url TEXT, - pos SMALLINT) - Normally, the only row in this table is (0, "local", 0), but a database that records the content of a set of other catalogs can also be used as an catalog, in which case each row represents an catalog; the id field is a unique identifier for each catalog, the url field is the catalog’s URL, and the pos column orders the catalog relative to others (where a lower pos takes precedence). 
- A pkg table with the format - (name TEXT, - catalog SMALLINT, - author TEXT, - source TEXT, - checksum TEXT, - desc TEXT) - The catalog field is normally 0; in the case that the database reflects multiple other catalogs, the catalog field indicates the package entry’s source catalog. - The pkg and catalog fields together determine a unique row in the table. 
- A tags table with the form - (pkg TEXT, - catalog SMALLINT, - tag TEXT) - where the pkg and catalog combination identifies a unique row in pkg. 
- A modules table with the form - (name TEXT, - pkg TEXT, - catalog SMALLINT, - checksum TEXT) - where the pkg and catalog combination identifies a unique row in pkg, and name is a printed module path. - This table is not currently used by any raco pkg command, but it can be used to suggest package installations to provide a particular library. 
- A dependencies table with the form - (onpkg TEXT, - onversion TEXT, - onplatform TEXT, - pkg TEXT, - catalog SMALLINT, - checksum TEXT) - where the pkg and catalog combination identifies a unique row in pkg, and onpkg, onversion, and onplatform represent the dependency; onversion or onplatform is an empty string if the dependency has no version or platform specification. - This table is not currently used by any raco pkg command. 
- A ring table with the form - (pkg TEXT, - catalog SMALLINT, - ring SMALLINT) - where the pkg and catalog combination identifies a unique row in pkg. - Added in version 6.10.0.3.